Lithium batteries are noted for their high energy density, long shelf life, and good performance over a wide temperature range. There are coin cells and cylindrical cells. Lithium cells are from 2.7 to 3.6 volts (nominal) and range between 38 and 16,000 mAh in capacity. Because of a relatively high internal impedance these cells are recommended only for low drain applications. The energy density by weight is 140-340 Wh/kg and by volume is 410-710 Wh/litre. The operational temperature range is from -55 degrees C to +150 degrees C, depending on which specific lithium chemisty is used.

Common applications for the lithium batteries are radios, remote control units, emergency lighting, medical equipment, and memory backup power for cameras, cellular phones, and computers.